Grammar: 

Interchange of Parts of Speech

When we change one part of speech to another part of speech in a sentence without changing the meaning, it changes the structure of the sentence. This transformation is called the Interchange of one part of speech for another.

We know there are eight parts of speech, but now it is time to know about four parts of speech -nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs as they are interchangeable. Let’s know where to use these four parts of speech in a sentence and how we identify them.

(a)Noun: All the naming words are called nouns. It can be singular or plural in form, and it is used in many ways in a sentence. It is used  –

(i)noun as a subject of the sentence

The birds are walking on the path.

(ii) after the transitive verb as an object of the sentence(direct or indirect object)

She liked Ritika. (noun as a direct  object)

[If we ask a question by what, and get an answer, the noun becomes a direct object.]

I gifted a flower vase to Rita. (noun as an indirect object)

Ravi gave Sristy a pen. (noun as an indirect object)

[If we ask a question by whom, and get an answer, the noun becomes an indirect object.]

(b)Verb-All the action words are called verbs. There are two types of verbs. They are  –(i)finite verbs (ii)non-finite verb

Those verbs which change their form according to the tenses, and the number and person of the subject, are called finite verbs.

Those verbs which do not change their form according to the tenses, and  the number and person of the subject,

are called non-finite verbs.

There are three types of non-finite verbs. They are -infinitive, gerund, and participle.

(c)Adjective is usually used –(i)before the noun (ii)after ‘to be verb’

(d)Adverb is used –(i)at the beginning of the sentence (ii)at the end of the sentence (iii)after the main verb (iv)before the main verb (v)after the auxiliary verb or to be verb (Adverb is not used before an auxiliary verb)

Now we need to know how a word changes its structure when it changes its form.

Let’s take a few examples. First, we will learn the following:

Now look at the following sentences, and try to understand how a change takes place in a sentence without changing the meaning.

 Adverb form to Noun form

1. I answered pretty confidently. (Rewrite with noun form of ‘confidently’)

Ans: I answered with confidence.

Adjective form to Noun form

2. She was completely blind. (Rewrite with noun form of ‘blind’)

Ans: She had complete blindness.

3. She was silent. (Rewrite with noun form of ‘silent’)

Ans: She was in silence.

Verb form to Noun form

4. I love the hills. (Rewrite with noun form of ‘love’)

Ans: I have a great love for the hills.

Noun form to Verb form

5. Her voice had the sparkle of a mountain stream. (Rewrite the verb form of ‘sparkle’)

Ans: Her voice sparkled like a mountain stream.

Adjective form to Noun form

6. They seemed very anxious about her comfort. (Rewrite with noun form of ‘anxious’)

Ans: They seemed to have much anxiety about her comfort.

 ‘Very’ is placed before an adjective, and ‘Much’ is placed before the noun.

Adverb form to Noun form

7. I moved easily along the berth. (Rewrite with noun form of ‘ease’)

Ans: I moved with ease along the berth.

Verb form to Noun form

8. I don’t intend to give up what I have. (Rewrite using the noun form of intend)

Ans: I don’t have the intention to give up what I have.

Each word that ends with -ly is not an adverb. Adding ly to a noun becomes an adjective (for example, friend+ ly= friendly). Again, when we add ly with an adjective, it becomes an adverb(example: real +ly= really)

There are a few adverbs which do not have any particular form.

(example: well, fast, very, now, never, then, always, often, ever, still, etc)

Adjective form to Noun form

1. We lived in our ancestral house. (Use the noun form of ancestral)

Ans: We lived in the house of our ancestors.

2. My father told me there was nothing mysterious about prayer. (Rewrite using the noun form of mysterious)

Ans: My father told me there was no mystery about prayer.

Noun form to Adjective form

3. I asked my father about the relevance of prayer. (Rewrite using adjective form of ‘relevance’)

Ans: I asked my father about the relevant prayer.

Verb form to Noun form

*4. He answered in a low, deep voice. (Rewrite using the noun form of answered )

Ans: He answered in a low, deep voice.

5. I remember my father starting his day at 4 am. (Rewrite using the noun form of remembering)

Ans: I have a remembrance of my father starting his day at 4 am.

Noun form to Adjective form

6. Adversity always presents opportunities for introspection. (Rewrite using adjective form of introspection)

Ans: Adversity always presents opportunities to be introspective.

Adverb form to Noun form

7. Our locality was predominantly Muslim. (Rewrite using the noun form of predominantly)

Ans: There was a predominance of Muslims in our locality.

Adverb form to Adjective form

8. My parents were widely regarded as an ideal couple. (Rewrite using adjective form of widely)

Ans: My parents had wide regard for being an ideal couple.

Noun form to Adjective form

9. He possessed a true generosity of spirit. (Rewrite using adjective form of generosity)

Ans: He possessed a truly generous spirit.

Verb form to Noun form

1. That would embarrass him. (Rewrite using the noun form of embarrassing)

Ans: That would cause embarrassment for him.

Adjective  form to Noun form

2. The boy could hear other roomers laughing. (Rewrite using the noun form of laughing)

Ans: The boy could hear the laughter of other roomers.

Verb form to Noun form

3. She did not release him. (Rewrite using the noun form of release)

Ans: She gave him no release.

Noun form to Verb form

4. He could dash it down the hall. (Rewrite using the verb form of dash )

Ans: He could dash down the hall for it.

Verb form to Noun form

5. Roger looked at the door. (Rewrite using the noun form of looked )

Ans: Roger looked at the door.

Verb form to Adjective form

1. You would have repented of not having stayed with me. (Rewrite using adjective form of repented)

Ans: You would have been repentant of not having stayed with me.

Verb form to Noun form

2. I wished to kill you. [rewrite with the noun of ‘wished’]

Ans: I had a wish to kill you.

3. Others declared that it was impossible to decide. (Rewrite using the noun form of declared )

Ans: There was a declaration by others that it was impossible to decide.

Adjective form to Noun form

4. He was the most important man. (Rewrite using the underlined word as a noun)

Ans: He was a man of importance.

Noun form to verb form

5. All the answers were different, the Tsar agreed with none of them. (Rewrite using the underlined word as a verb)

Ans: All answered differently, the Tsar agreed with none of them.

Adverb form to Adjective form

6. They all answered the questions differently. (Rewrite using the underlined word as an adjective)

Ans: They all answered the questions differently.

Verb form to Noun form

7. The Tsar stopped and repeated his questions. (Rewrite using the noun form of the underlined word)

Ans: The Tsar stopped and made a repetition of his questions.

8. You have already been answered. (Rewrite using the noun form of the underlined word)

Ans: You have already been answered.

Verb form to adjective form

9. The man revived and asked for a drink. (Rewrite using the adjective form of the underlined word)

Ans: On his revival, The man asked for a drink.

Verb form to Noun form

10. Forgive me. (Rewrite using the noun form of the underlined word)

Ans: I beg your forgiveness.

Adjective form to Adverb form

1. It has grown slowly (Rewrite using the adjective form of slowly)

Ans: It has slow growth.

Verb form to Noun form

2. From close to the ground will rise curled green twigs. (Rewrite using the noun form of the underlined word)

Ans: From close to the ground will rise green twigs with curls.

Verb form to Noun form

1. The humming insects don’t disturb his rest. (Rewrite using the noun form of the underlined word)

Ans: The humming insects don’t create any disturbance in his rest.

Verb form to Noun form

1. Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? (Rewrite using the noun form of the underlined word)

Ans: Shall I make a comparison between thou and a summer’s day?

Adjective form to Noun form

2. When in eternal lines to time thou growest. (Rewrite using the noun form of the underlined word)

Ans: When in lines of eternity to time thou growest.

Adjective form to Adverb form

1. The poetry of earth is never dead. (Rewrite using the verb form of dead)

Ans: The poetry of earth does not die.

Noun form to Adverb form

2. He rests at ease beneath some pleasant weed. (rewrite with the adverb form of ease)

Ans: He rests beneath some pleasant weed easefully.

Adjective form to verb form

3. All the birds are faint with the hot sun. (rewrite with the verb form of faint )

Ans: All the birds faint with the hot sun.

Adjective form to Verb form

1. It means he is dead. (Use the verb form of ‘dead’)

Ans: It means he dies.

Verb form to Noun form

2. First you pretend that Meadows is yours. (Rewrite using the noun form of pretend)

Ans: First you make the pretension that Meadows is yours.

3. I’ve been hoping for it for a long time. (Rewrite using the noun form of the underlined word)

Ans: I have so much hope for it for a long time.

Adverb form to Adjective form

4. You want me to talk to you calmly and politely. (Rewrite using the adjective form of the underlined word)

Ans: You want me to talk to you calmly and politely.

Noun form to Adjective form

5. He dares to abuse us. (Rewrite using the adjective form of the underlined word)

Ans: He is impudent to abuse us.

Adverb form to Adjective form

6. Oxen meadows are yours. (Rewrite using the adjective form of the underlined word)

Ans: It is real that Oxen meadows are yours.

Or,

Oxen meadows are yours in a real way.